| Year |
Locale |
Event |
Social Effects |
Source |
| 1529 |
London/Lubeck/Hamburg |
"Sweating
Sickness" |
4th
Episode virulent - 100,000 die /spares French |
Trager/Nash |
| 1525 |
Jura,
Fr./Germany |
cool
spring/summers |
good
vintages/narrow tree rings |
Ladurie |
| 1525-26 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1523 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Olives
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1522 |
Global |
1st
Circumnavigation |
Magellan
led 3 year expedition |
Trager |
| 1520-1650 |
China |
Warm
interval |
Permafrost
records/reconstruction |
Feng
et al. |
| 1500s |
Korea |
Japan
invades |
Attempts
to defeat China from land based attacks |
History |
| 1521 |
England |
"Great
Pestilence" |
"Great
Death" |
Goad,
1686 |
| 1520 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1520 |
Mexico |
Spaniards
carry smallpox into country |
Three
million die |
Nash |
| 1518 |
England |
"Sweating
Sickness" |
3rd
seige reaches Calais/Kills only English |
Trager |
| 1518 |
Venice,
Italy |
Famine |
21,000
die |
Nash |
| 1518 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1517 |
Jura,
Fr./Germany |
cool
spring/summers |
good
vintages/narrow tree rings |
Ladurie |
| 1515 |
Germany |
Severe
Flooding |
Destruction
and Displacement due to inundation widespread. |
Hoyt |
| 1512 |
London |
Comet |
"Sanguinal
coloris" |
Goad,
1686, ref. |
| 1510 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1509 |
London |
Comet |
"Stons
to 60lbs" |
Goad,
1686, ref. |
| 1507 |
"Sweating
Sickness" |
2nd
epidemic strikes |
|
Trager |
| 1506 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Sea
at Marseilles freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1505 |
So.France |
Mild
Winter |
Roses/Jan |
Ladurie |
| 1505 |
London |
Comet |
"Big
As Moon" |
Goad,
1686, ref. |
| 1504 |
Jura,
Fr./Germany |
cool
spring/summers |
good
vintages/narrow tree rings |
Ladurie |
| 1503 |
Jura,
Fr./Germany |
cool
spring/summers |
good
vintages/narrow tree rings |
Ladurie |
| 1500s |
Bolivian
Highlands |
Fish
Farms |
Excavations
for ponds throughout Baure region |
Clark
Erickson |
| 1493,
1506 |
Portugal,
Spain |
Began
to claim portions of the Ocean - Asian
Transitions in an Age of Global Change |
Changes
in the way aquatic resources were managed |
Papal Bulls
History
|
| 1499-1500 |
London |
Plague
outbreak |
Thirty
Thousands die/2 yrs |
Trager/Nash |
| 1497 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1495 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Olives
Freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1494 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Genoa
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1492 |
Nürnberg
Cartography |
World/Cartographic
Globe |
Henricus
Martellus Germanus/Martin Behaim |
Tooley |
| 1490s |
The
West and the World -
Greenland's Viking Leave! |
New
areas of the world
regions of Africa, the Americas, and Polynesia were brought into
the western exchange system for the first time. |
The
West's First Outreach: Maritime Power
Early
Latin America
|
History
Viking Discoveries |
| 1491 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Olives
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1485 |
London |
1st
"Sweating Sickness" |
Closes
Oxford/decimates army/London |
Trager |
| 1482 |
Germany |
cold/poor
growout |
1482-93
Many Bad vintages |
Ladurie |
| 1463 |
Germany |
Warm/long
season |
1463-1481
mostly good vintages |
Ladurie |
| 1461 |
Japan |
Famine/Plague |
Causes
uprising against Shogun |
Trager |
| 1453 |
Germany |
cold/poor
growout |
1453-62
Many Bad vintages |
Ladurie |
| c1450 |
Peru/Ecuador |
Highland
Wet Period Begins |
Coastal
Cultures Decline/Inca Thrives |
Thompson2 |
| c1450 |
Western
World |
The
Italian Renaissance, End of Christian Unity in the West, The
Commercial Revolution |
The
Transformation of the West |
History |
| c1450 |
Russia |
Between
1450 and 1750, Russia created a land-based empire. |
The
Rise of Russia |
History |
| c1450 |
Africa |
Between
1450 and 1850, about 12 million Africans were shipped to the
plantations of the Americas. |
Africa
and the Africans in the Age of Atlantic Slave Trade |
History |
| 1434 |
Lisbon |
Black
Slave trade begins |
Portuguese
African/Atlantic exploration |
Trager |
| 1421 |
Netherlands |
>10,000
die in flood |
Zuider
Zee spreads over 1000s sq miles |
Trager |
| 1420 |
Camp
100 |
cold |
|
Ladurie |
| 1410 |
Ptolemy
translated |
World
is Round/again |
Age
of Exploration ideal |
Trager |
| 1407 |
England |
Plague |
Thirty
Thousands die/food abundant/fewer people |
Trager/Nash |
| c
1400 |
Baltic |
Herring
disappear |
Herring
fleets focus on Dogger Banks |
Braudel |
| c
1400 |
World |
After
1400, a new world balance was being created. |
The
West and the Changing World Balance |
History |
| 1400-1900s |
China |
"Little
Ice Age" analogy |
Permafrost
records/reconstruction |
Feng
et al. + Yang et al. EOS 2002 |
| 1393 |
Jura,
Fr./Germany |
cool
spring/summers |
good
vintages/narrow tree rings |
Ladurie |
| 1390-1420 |
East
Africa |
Severe
Droughts |
Severe
drought events of the period - broadly coeval with phases of
high solar radiation |
Verscuren,
Laird, & Cummin |
| 1386 |
Smolensk,
Russia |
Plague |
only
five survivors |
Nash |
| 1380-1900 |
Tibetan
Plateau |
LIA
Cool |
Permafrost
records/reconstruction |
Yang
EOS 2002 |
| 1371 |
England |
Plague
outbreak |
Milder
than previous events |
Trager |
| 1370 |
England |
Wet
summers |
? |
Ladurie |
| 1364 |
France |
Bad
harvests/Famine |
Plague
follows debilitations |
Trager |
| 1360 |
England |
Wet
summers |
? |
Ladurie |
| 1351 |
England |
Plague/children
afflicted |
|
Trager |
| 1350 |
Moscow
to India/China |
Plague |
|
Trager |
| 1350 |
North
Sea |
Herring
salting/processing |
New
techniques stimulate Hansa trade |
Braudel |
1350
|
Alps |
Glacial
term. |
|
Ladurie |
| 1349 |
Poland/Russia/England |
Starvation
precedes Plague |
Plague
kills 1/3-1/2 English |
Trager |
| 1348 |
England/Germany |
Cold/wet
summers/Plague |
Plague devastates Europe; 1,224,434
die -
>25 million by 1666
|
Trager/Nash |
| 1348 |
Spain |
Cold/wet summers/Plague
Almost 40% of the total population
eventually dies.
|
Some Jewish communities spared since
the Torah requires that Jews wash before eating bread, bathe
before the Sabbath, and recite blessings and study the Torah
at a distance from sewage. The dead, must be buried quickly.
Unknown to the Medieval person, these measures help to prevent
disease. However, this only causes Christian plague sufferers
to accuse Jews of having brought the Plague or of poisoning their
wells -
- INQUISITION -
It
depends on who you ask
|
Chaiya's
Sephardic World - Jews in Medieval Spain |
| 1347 |
Cyprus/Genoa,
Italy |
Ship arrives/Black Death 
Described/Links/Historical
Perspective
|
Black
Death spreads from Italy over Europe |
Trager |
| 1343 |
Kaffa,
Crimean port |
Tatar
Kipchak Khan Janibeg lays seige to Genoese Port of Kaffa |
Infected
corpses during seige catapulted into Kaffa |
Trager/nash |
| 1333-37 |
China |
Starvation/Black
Death |
>Six
million die |
Trager |
| 1333 |
Firenze,
Italia |
Arno
& Po Rivers Flood |
City
innundated |
Nash |
| 1325 |
Mexico |
Mexico
City Founded |
Aztecs
found Tenochtitlan |
Trager |
1325
|
Camp
100 |
warm |
|
Ladurie |
| 1315 |
Europe |
Great
Famine |
1315-16,
famine/deaths to1336 |
Ladurie |
| 1313 |
So.
England |
Wet
period/Famine |
1313-20
crops failed |
Ladurie |
| 1312 |
Germany |
Wet
period/Famine |
1312-19
crops failed |
Ladurie |
1295
|
Camp
100 |
Cold |
|
Ladurie |