3000BC to 19th Century Heritage: Mathematics,Science Writings and NaturalHistory
| 1887 | San Francisco, CA | Lick 91cm refracting telescope installed Mt. Hamilton/1st on mountaintop |
| 1883 | Amsterdam | last known quagga/subspecies of plains zebra dies in zoo |
| 1869 | Russia | Dmitri MendelÈev publishes Periodic Table/missing elements will be found |
| 1865-69 | Austria | Gregor Mendel 1st publishes his theories/data |
| 1859 | England | Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species... |
| 1855 | USA | Matthew Fontaine Maury's Physical Geography of the Sea = 1st Oceanography text |
| 1851 | England | William Thomson:aka Lord Kelvin poses the concept of Absolute Zero |
| 1850 | Poland | Rudolf Clausius/a closed system will always change toward heat and disorder |
| 1849 | England | William Thomson:aka Lord Kelvin coins term thermodynamics |
| c1847 | Hungary | Ignaz Semmelweiss promotes hand washing to eliminate puerperal fever |
| 1847 | Europe | Helmholtz/Joule develop independently concepts of Conservation of Energy |
| 1842 | Germany | J. R. Mayer states Law of Conservation of Energy/heatâmechanical energy |
| 1837 | France | Brothers Bravais define "divergence angle=137.5 degrees=Golden angle" |
| 1836 | Germany | Anatomist von Waldeyer-Hartz coins chromosome/Nerve cells separate(d) |
| 1835 | France | Coriolis describes Coriolis Effect:deflection of moving body/Earth's rotation |
| 1834 | France | Clapeyron develops Second Law of Thermodynamics |
| 1833 | England |
Faraday/Whewell/coin terms:electrode;anode;ion;catode; anion;cation;electrolyte;electrolysis |
| 1829 | GFrance | Coriolis/On the calculation of mechanical action/coins term kinetic energy |
| 1824 | France |
Nicholas L.S. Carnot-Reflections on the Motive Power of fire-defines work as heat = work |
| 1807 | England | Thomas Young introduces concept and word energy |
| 1804 | England | John Leslie's An experimental inquiry into the nature and propagation of heat |
| 1791 | France | The Metric System proposed/ International Bureau of Weights and Measures |
| 1776 | Europe | 1st of Watt's steam engines installed/Blast furnaces steam driven, too |
| 1741-68 | Kamchatka coast | Steller's Sea cow described/ hunted to extinction |
| 1705 | London | Posthumous publication of Hooke's Lectures and discourses on earthquakes |
| 1684-87 | London |
Halley prods Newton to finish Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica |
| 1679-80 | London | Hooke/Newton formulate inverse square law/elliptical orbits |
| 1665 | England | Robert Hooke: Micrographia, Martyn& Ja.Allestry, Printers to the Royal Society |
| 1610 | Italy | Galileo: Sidereus nuncio, astronomy thesis |
| 1609 | Nova Scotia | first attempts to harness tides at Bay of Fundy to power small mills |
| 1608 | Nederlands | Hans Lippershey invents telescope |
| 1598 | Spain | Phillip III offers first of many prizes for calculating longitude |
| 1557 | Europe |
Robert Recorde's The Whetstone of Witte - introduces the = + and - signs into English |
| 1543 | Europa |
Copernicus-De revoltioibus orbium celestium/ Vesalius-De humani corporis fabrica |
| 1519 | Portugal | Ferdinand Magellan starts circumglobal voyage/dies 1521:Philippines |
| 1513 | Germany | Martin Waldseemuller prepares a 200 map Atlas |
| 1507-1800 | Mauritius, La Reunion, Rodriguez Islands | Dodo were first described/ then hunted to extinction by Portuguese and Dutch sailors |
| 1507 | Germany | Martin Waldseemuller publishes 1000 maps with "America" |
| 1492 | Europe | Martin Behaim:first Globe map/ready for new discoveries |
| c1405 | Nederlands | Dutch fishers 1st to use drift nets |
| 1310 | Europe | first mechanical clocks/escapement: China uses water power |
| c1285 | Speyer, Germany | first Western reference to spinning wheel/guild statutes |
| c1200 | Italy | Leonardo Fibonacci describes series N=sum of two preceding numbers |
| C1185 | China | Oldest depiction of fishing reel |
| c1185 | Europe | first evidence in carvings for use of ship's rudder |
| 1175 | Italy | Translates Algemest into Latin, along with numerous Arabic manuscripts |
| 827 | Egypt | Ptolemy's Algemest Arabic translation |
| 635 | China | Pi = 3.1415927 given in decimal form Sui dynasty official history |
| c672 | Jarrow, Durham | Venerable Bede Correctly describes:Shape of Earth, Tides, Calender |
| 641 | Alexandria Museum | Arabs destroy remains of Alexandria's Artifacts/Books |
| c600 | Europe | first Windmills described |
| 529 | Athens | Lyceum/Academy shut/Justinian |
| 389 | Alexandria | Library destroyed in riot |
| 60-69 AD | Italy | Hero builds Steam toy |
| 50-59 AD | Italy | Pliny Elder: Naturalis Historia/Seneca: Quaestiones naturales |
| 79 AD | Pompei/Vesuvius | fumes asphyxiate Pliny/Elder: Pliny/Younger describes eruption |
| 10-109 AD | Alexandria, output | Hero: Heat
expands air/ Simple machines Menelaus:"Spherics" trigonometry |
| 332-321 BC | Alexandria founded | Pytheas sails to No. Atlantic, Baltic, theorizes moon forces tides |
| 336 BC | Athens et al. |
Alexander succeeds Phillip II of Macedon, begining spread of Greek culture/Egypt-India |
| 343BC | Athens |
Aristotle becomes tutor of Alexander (preconditions-Greatness) |
| ca 520BC | Miletus |
Anaximander makes 1st attempt to model Earth - in On Nature - introduces evolution |
| 600BC | Miletus(Turkey) |
Thales of Miletus studies in Egypt/deduces geometry/teaches Anaximander-1st science book? |
| 2980 | Egypt |
Imhotep/physician/architect/counselor to King Zoser/1st step pyramid/1st medical text |
| 3000BC | Egypt | Hieroglyphs/letters/numbers |
21st Century, 20th Century, Other Chronologies; or Home:
Exported from 300BC-1897.wkz on 24/03/97 at 10:25:58 AM
