| Date |
Location |
Event |
Societal/Ecological
Consequence |
References |
| 46000BP |
Global |
Previous
ICE AGE/ 1st waves humans/New World/ New Guinea/ Australia |
Most
Mammals and Large Birds Hunted/ many to Extinction, etc. |
Trager |
| 42-45000
BP |
East Timor, an island nation just north of Australia
|
In
a shallow cave on an island north of Australia, researchers have made a
surprising discovery: the 42,000 year-old bones of tuna and sharks that
were clearly brought there by humans. |
The
colonization of Australia and the nearby islands of Southeast Asia,
which began at least 45,000 years ago, required sea crossings of at
least 30 kilometers. |
SCIENCE =
November 2011 -
Susan O'Connor, Archaeologist at the Australian National University in Canberra |
| 42000
BP |
Australia |
Aboriginal
culture |
World's1st
seafarers colonize Austral Continent |
Trager |
| 36000
BP |
North America |
Homo sapiens
arrived |
1st
migrations during recessions of ICE AGE |
Trager |
| 25,000BCE |
Dordogne
Valley |
Short, baited
toggles used to catch fish |
Larger fishes
taken from rafts, boats, or shoreline |
Trager |
| 25,000BP |
Global |
Most
recent ICE AGE |
2nd
Wave Humans Migrate/Australia/New World |
Trager |
| c15,600
BP |
Great Flood |
130 ft sea
level rise |
North western
Hemisphere Ice sheet melts |
Trager/Broecker et al. |
| 12,000BCE |
Japan |
Hunter/Fishing/Shellfish
Society |
Life along
coastal Japan based on eclectic marine diet |
Trager |
| 13K-11.64-BP |
Global |
Younger
Dryas/Cool Period Punctuated
with rapid 7C Rise and doubling of accumulation rate in Greenland ice
Cores |
Most
significant rapid climate change event that occurred during the last
deglaciation of the North Atlantic region |
US National Report to IUGG 1991-94 |
| 10,000 BCE |
Global |
Glaciers
recede |
Seasons
change, Solar warming intense |
Ladurie |
| 10,000
BCE |
Northern
Latitudes |
Laps/Inuits
colonize CircumArctic |
Migratory,
herders/ seal-whale hunters extend ranges |
Trager |
| 9,000BCE |
British
Columbia |
Post Glacial
Wurm Period |
Coastal
middens contain inverts, salmon, bluefin tuna |
Francis |
| 8000BCE |
Northern
Europe |
Glacial
Recession |
Immigrants
bring bow/arrow, fish traps, hooks, into reindeer herder's realm |
Trager |
| 8000BCE |
Near East |
Pleistocene
ends, rainfall increases |
Civilization,
25 acres support one family, down from hundreds/thousands |
Trager |
| 7100BCE |
Alaska |
Glaciers
retreat |
Smaller
vs Modern extent |
Ladurie |
| 7700BCE |
Persian
Gulf-Mediterranean Sea |
Dessertification
of Fertile Crescent |
People/animals
crowd into oases about the region |
J.H. Breasted |
| 7000BCE |
Greece |
Begin fishing
at sea |
Larger fish
from offshore are caught, and brought back |
Trager |
| 6000BCE |
Switzerland |
Lake dwellers
raise flax |
Use Flax to
make fishing line and nets |
Trager |
| 5000-3000BCE |
Atlantic |
Thermal
Max onset |
Ocean
heat apex reached |
Ladurie |
| 5000BCE |
Japan |
Jomon Pottery
Begins |
Coastal/hunter/gatherer
culture |
Archeology |
| 5000BCE |
Nile River |
Margins begin
to dry out |
Egyptians
build dikes/channels |
Prager |
| 3500BCE |
Tigris/Euphrates/Phoenecia |
Boats/oars/sails/Nets |
Commerce
between regions |
Trager |
| 3000BCE |
Oceans |
Thermal
Max ends |
Climatic
Optimum ends |
Ladurie |
| 3000BCE |
World |
Population=100
million |
|
Trager |
| 3000BCE |
Black Sea |
Dolphins
killed for food |
Often
considered to be sacred elsewhere |
Trager |
| 2600BCE |
Egypt/Phoenecia |
Fish
preserved by sun drying |
Fish products
can be stored, shipped, and traded |
Trager |
| 2200BCE |
Alaska |
Glaciers
retreat |
Smaller
vs Modern extent |
Ladurie |
| 1000BCE |
Western
Pacific Islands/Coastal |
Obsidian
artifacts worked/traded |
Seafaring
peoples PNG to Fiji traded |
AMNH |
| 1000BCE-800AD |
Ecuador
Peninsula |
Major wet
Period |
Coastal
Peninsula Thrived |
Thompson2 |
| 1000BCE-600AD |
Coastal Peru |
Major wet
Period |
Coastal
Culture thrives |
Thompson2 |
| 1000BCE |
Western USA |
Maximum
moisture |
Ecosystems
change significantly |
Thompson et al. |
| 800BCE |
China |
Extensive
treatise on Fish Culturing |
Fan-Li
authors text, stored in British Musem |
Trager |
| c600BCE |
Greece |
Anaximander
of Melitus' periplus |
World
Map/Sailing Guide/Travel Times |
Tooley |
| 110BCE |
Biai, Italy |
Romans
culture 1st oysters |
Western
society begins commercial aquaculture |
Trager |
| 81BCE |
Japan |
Emperor
Suijin initiates shipbuilding |
Sujin moves
to increase seafood production |
Trager |
| 7 BCE |
World |
Population=250
million |
|
Trager |
| 300 |
Northern Andes /
North Coast South
America
|
Warm wet period in
Andes
Coastal regions dry
|
Tiahuanasco/Huari
Cultures Thrive
North Coastal
Cultures collapse
|
Thompson2 |
| 400 |
Alps |
Glacial
Adv |
Europe
cooler |
Ladurie |
| 407 |
Britain |
Oyster
culture introduced by Romans |
Saxon ruled
Britain is commerce driven |
Trager |
| 610 |
Camp
100 |
Medieval
warm (begins) |
Ý |
Ladurie |
| ~600 |
So. Peru Coast |
End of Wet
Period |
Coastal
Culture Abandons Region |
Thompson2 |
| 7th
Century |
China |
Pond carp and
bream standard faire |
Coastal
Chinese have more diverse marine fish food |
Trager |
| 800-1000 |
Coastal
Ecuador |
End of Long
Wet Period |
Coastal
Peninsula Abandoned |
Thompson/2 |
| 982-985 |
Greenland/Vikings |
Eric the Red
sets up camp/Colonizations |
Climate/Population
Growth
|
H&B |
| 1046 |
England |
Severest
Winter in prior memory |
February
cold kills/stock/fish/people |
AngSaxChron |
| c 1050 |
Ecuador Sta
Elena Peninsula |
Highland Dry
Period Begins |
Libertad
Culture Begins to Build |
Thompson/2 |
| c 1050 |
So. Coastal
Peru |
Highland Dry
Period Begins |
Coastal
Cultures Begin to Rebuild |
Thompson/2 |
| 1125 |
Camp
100 |
Medieval
warm (end) |
Climate Change |
Ladurie |
| 1126 |
Japan |
Buddhism
Adopted as State Religion: Rigid Laws enforce vegetarianism |
Collect/burn
all fishing nets/release cormorants |
Trager |
| 1185 |
Camp
100 |
cold |
|
Ladurie |
| 1191 |
China/Japan |
Japanese
Buddhist Aeisai visits China to find ironic pragmatism re food/animals |
No beef - But
Chinese Buddhists prize raw/salt fish above chicken/ |
Trager |
| 1200-1450 |
No. Coastal
Peru |
Chinor Empire
Builds |
Coastal
Region Sustains Agriculture/Fishing |
Thompson2 |
| 1237 |
North France |
English ship
grounds near Dinard |
Captain eats
seabirds/ Stake-nets covered with/ mussel spat/Good Culture!! |
Trager |
1295
|
Camp
100 |
Cold |
|
Ladurie |
| 13-1400 |
Baltic Sea |
Salt herring
major food/trade items |
Hansa
discover efficient at-sea salting/better product |
Braudel |
| 1350 |
World |
Population=300
million |
; |
Trager |
| 1368 |
China |
Ming Dynasty
fish farms |
Provide more
stable product, support live-fish markets |
Trager |
| 1376-77 |
England |
Great
complaints are made against the use of the net called 'wondyrchoun'
which drags from the bottom of the sea all the bait that used to be the
food of great fish. Through means of this instrument fishermen catch
such great plenty of small fish that they do not know what to do with
them, but fatten their pigs with them." |
The
wondyrchoun" ("wonderful machine") was a beam trawl |
Rolls of Parliament, Edward III |
| 1391 |
Camp
100 |
cold |
"Little Ice
Age Begins" |
GISP |
| c 1400 |
Baltic |
Herring
disappear - CHRONOLOGY
link |
Herring
fleets refocus on Dogger Banks |
Braudel - O.Pettersson 1914 |
| 1406 |
Bergen |
Hansa
fishermen catch English fishers on Norway fishing grounds |
96 fishermen
bound, and tossed overboard |
Trager |
| c1450 |
Peru/Ecuador |
Highland
Wet Period Begins |
Coastal
Cultures Decline/Inca Thrives |
Thompson2 |
| 15th C |
Port
de Grave |
New
Found Land/ Secretly Held Basque fishers haven |
One
of New World earliest Settlements |
Trager |
| 1497 |
Labrador |
(Giovanni
Caboto) notes codfish banks |
Breton
fishermen have held this site sectret for decades |
Kurlansky |
| 1506 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Sea
at Marseilles freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1510 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1518 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1520 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1525-26 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
El Niño |
|
Quinn |
| 1532 |
Grindavik,
Iceland |
Englishman
John the Broad, Murdered setting off first Major Cod War |
English and
Hansa do battle over Cod, English driven away |
Kurlansky |
| 1534 |
England |
UK Breaks
with Rome |
Fish
consumption drops off |
Trager |
| 1535 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1538 |
Basque New
Found Land |
First
official fishing records/Newfoundland |
Basque had
fished Grand Banks for decades/century |
Kurlansky |
| 1540 |
Greenland |
Dutch
whaling captain, Jon Greenlander, visits Greenland Viking Colony |
Finds
last Viking colonist lying dead outside his hut, dagger in hand. |
Trager |
| 1539-41 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1543 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Rhone freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1544 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1546-47 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1550 |
Alps |
Glacial
Adv |
|
|
| 1552-53 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1554 |
England |
parliament
enacts fish days |
The Act
encourages boat building/naval manpower |
Trager |
| 1556 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring bloom |
Begin
33 year abundance period |
Lindquist |
| 1556 |
Medit./So.
France |
Severe
winter |
Rhone
freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1557 |
So.
France |
Severe
winter |
Rhone
freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1558-61 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1563 |
England |
Additional
Fish Day/wednesday/Enacted |
Need for
Naval manpower/ decrease price of meat |
Trager |
| 1565 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1565 |
Medit./So.
France |
Severe
winter |
Rhone/olives
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1567-68 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1569-73 |
So.France |
Severe
Winter |
Rhone/olives
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1574 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1578-79 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1581-82 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1583-84 |
So.France/Germany |
Severe
Winter/Cool Spring/Summers |
Olives freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1585 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1587 |
Iceland
Cores |
Continental air masses (e.g., calcium)
reflect onset of LIA conditions 200 years before marine sources (AD1391
compared to AD1587) and end LIA 70 years earlier (AD1846 compared to
AD1914) than marine sources |
"Little
Ice Age Begins"/ from Ocean Proxy Sources
(e.g., seasalt sodium)
|
GISP2 |
| 1587 |
So.France |
Severe Winter |
Olives freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1589-91 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1589 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring fails |
End
of 33 year abundance period |
Lindquist |
| 1595 |
So.France |
Severe Winter |
Sea/Olives/Rhone
freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1595 |
England |
Crops fail |
Food prices
rise sharply |
Prager |
| 1596 |
Europe/Asia/Peru/Eng. |
Food shortages |
Famine/unrest
due to high costs |
Trager |
| 1596 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1600 |
So.France |
Severe Winter |
Olives freeze |
Ladurie |
| 1600-01 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1601 |
Alps |
Glacial
max |
Ý |
Ladurie |
| 1602 |
Cape Cod,
Mass. |
Bartholomew
Gosnold drops anchor |
Logs that he
"tooke there a great store of Cod Fysshes" |
Trager |
| 1604 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1607-08 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1607 |
Jamestown,
Virginia |
Colony
founded, under Captain John Smith |
"abundance of
fish, lying so thicke with their heads above the water, for want of
nets...we attempted to catch them with frying pans." |
Trager |
| 1611 |
England |
1st English
ship outfitted for whaling |
Killed 1
small whale, 500 walruses at Spitzbergen/sank |
Trager |
| 1614 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1618-19 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1621 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1624 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1620s |
New World |
Dutch/English
colonies Hudson River/ Massachusetts Bay |
Shad and
lobster abundance provide "poverty food" |
Trager |
| 1630-31 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1640 |
Massachusetts
Bay |
Cod fishery
commercialized |
300,000 cod
sent to markets |
Trager |
| 1641 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1643 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring Bloom |
Begin
45 year Abundance Period |
Lindquist |
| 1640-45 |
Sun |
Sun
spots disappear |
Maunder
minimum begins |
Ladurie/Goad |
| 1647 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1648 |
New
Nederland/Connecticutt-Canada |
Fish of
finest quality fill rivers, bays, sea |
Six foot
lobster common, but one footers are best to eat |
Trager/Gov van der Donck |
| 1650 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1652 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1652 |
New Bedford |
Joseph Russel
begins offshore whaling |
New Bedford
whaling industry founded |
Trager |
| 1653 |
England |
Isaak
Walton-The Compleat Angler |
Treatises on
fish, diet, health, recreation |
Walton |
| 1655 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1659-1764 |
England/Nederlands |
Huygens/Huntsman/Harrison |
Lathes/Navigation
Chronometers appear |
Burke |
| 1661 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1670 |
England/Canada |
Hudson Bay
Co. granted trade rights |
Exclusive
northern drainage system resource base |
McDougall |
| 1671 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1680 |
Maryland |
Colonist near
starvation |
Complain they
were forced to eat oysters to survive |
Trager |
| 1681 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1681 |
France |
Louis XIV
restricts mussel fishing |
No restraint
on oysters, called "inexhaustable" |
Trager |
| 1683 |
England |
Coldest
Winter/Smallpox |
Thames/sea to
two miles freezes |
Ladurie |
| 1683-84 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1687-88 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1692 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1694-95 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1698 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring fails |
End
of 45 year abundance period |
Lindquist |
| 1700 |
World |
Population=600
million |
|
Tanton |
| 1700 |
Boston |
50,000
quintals of cod shipped |
Best to
Bilbao, Lisbon/Oporto/West Indies slaves eat racks |
Kurlansky |
| 1701 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1702 |
Edo, Japan |
Sasa Maki
Kenukisushi shop opens |
Deboned fish
and sushi rice served in bamboo leaves |
Remains open today |
| 1703 |
England |
November
27, Hurricane |
All
major ports were devastated, andThames River, inundated by huge waves ~
300 ships & >30,000 sailors were lost at sea |
Nash/Defoe |
| 1703-04 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1707-09 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1707-09 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1711 |
North
Atlantic |
August,
Storm |
English
Arnmada, en route to attack Quebec, scattered; 8 transports with 1,342
soldiers lost |
Nash |
| 1715-16 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1715 |
Sun |
More
spots appear |
end
Maunder minimum |
Ladurie |
| 1718 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1720 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1723 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1725 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1728 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1731 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1734 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1737-39 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1741 |
Aleutians/Alaska |
Bering/Chirikov
explore for fur trade |
Bering
dies/Chirikov returns w/1500 otter skins |
McDougall |
| 1743 |
Aleutians |
Russian
Trappers invade/Aleuts hunt |
Russians
enslave islanders/build fur industry |
McDougall |
| 1744 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1747 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring bloom |
Begin
62 year abundance period |
Lindquist |
| 1747-48 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1751 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1754-55 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1761-62 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1765-66 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1767 |
Antarctica |
First whaling
venture |
50 American
whalers enter Antarctica |
Trager |
| 1767 |
Pacific/Oceania |
French
Navigator de Bougainville |
Explores
Oceania for whales |
Trager |
| 1768-69 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1772-73 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1775 |
Newfoundland |
Hurricane |
Fishing
fleets caught on the sea, and destroyed, >4000 fishermen killed |
Nash |
| 1776-78 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1781 |
Alaska |
Shelikhov/Golikov
Co. furs trap/trade |
End up with
> 1/2 Pacific furs/ next 16 yrs |
McDougall |
| 1782-84 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1783 |
Cook Inlet |
John Meares,
Royal Navy, overwinters |
Britain's
first foothold on west Coast |
McDougall |
| 1784 |
Nootka |
Meares
returns/2 ships/Portuguese flag |
Purchases
land from Makweena.Nootka Chief |
McDougall |
| 1785-86 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1786 |
France |
Abbe
Dicquemate reports oysters failing |
Mouth of
seine oysters diminished by half in 40 years |
Trager |
| 1787-88 |
WCoast&China |
Columbia/Lady
Washington Trade circuit |
Traded for
Chinese goods/Furs peak 1792 |
McDougall |
| 1790-93 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1791 |
Columbia River |
Robert Gray
sails into Columbia River |
Lt. Puget
explores Sound inside JuanDe Fuca Strait |
McDougall |
| 1792 |
Columbia River |
George
Vancouver lands at Mendocino |
Discovery
arrives Nootka/13 gun salute/Spain'sBodega |
McDougall |
| 1794-97 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1796 |
Spanish/English |
English win
War/French occupy Spain |
Spanish
influence in Pacific rolls shut |
McDougall |
| 1799 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1799 |
Sitka |
New Archangel
founded by Baranov |
After
"managing" Kodiak/starved out/moved south |
McDougall |
| 1799 |
Alaska
coast |
A
toxic blue mussel feast |
Over 100 of
Aleksander Baranov's crew dies within hours of paralytic shellfih toxin
poisoning |
Baranov log |
| 1800 |
World |
Population=900
million |
|
Tanton |
| 1802 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
Estimate
from Coastal Peru Dry/Cold records |
Caviedes |
| 1803-04 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1802 |
Sitka |
Russian fort
burned/Heads staked |
Tlingit
attacked/ Baranov&group away |
McDougall |
| 1804 |
Sitka |
Baranov
returns/Russian Man-O-War appears |
New Archangel
built fur trade restarts |
McGougall |
| 1805 |
Columbia River |
Meriweather
Lewis/William Clark arrive |
New era of
western colony expansion begins |
McDougall |
| 1806-07 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1809 |
Edo, Japan |
Sushiman
Yohei invents nigirizushi |
Vinegared
rice/wasabi/raw fish becomes specialty |
Trager |
| 1808-09 |
Swedish
coast |
Bohuslan
herring fails |
End
of 62 year abundance period |
Lindquist |
| 1810 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1812 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1814 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1817 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1819 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1822 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
Estimate
from Coastal Peru Dry/Cold records |
Caviedes |
| 1824-25 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1825-26 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
Estimate
from Coastal Peru Dry/Cold records |
Caviedes |
| 1827-28 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1830 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1831-32 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
From Coastal Peru Dry/Cold
records
Darwin
Timeline Begins |
Caviedes |
| 1832-33 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1834 |
France |
First
sardines canned |
Starts
industrial shift |
Trager |
| 1835-36 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1837-39 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1846 |
Iceland
Cores |
Continental air masses (e.g., calcium)
reflect end LIA 70 years earlier (AD1846 compared to AD1914) than
marine sources |
"Little
Ice Age ENDS"/ from Ocean Proxy Sources
(e.g., seasalt sodium).
|
GISP2 |
| 1844-46 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1846 |
Boston |
William
Underwood begins canning fish |
Adds
to line of meats |
Trager |
| 1846 |
Oregon/Washington |
US obtains
Oregon Territory |
Hudson Bay
Co. obliterated south of 54.40N by Treaty |
McDougall |
| 1848 |
California |
US takes
possession of California/Mexico |
Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidlago sealed |
McDougall |
| 1850 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1850-56 |
Camp
100/France |
cold
spring/summers |
Vintage
Failures |
Ladurie |
| 1850 |
England |
Last
salmon taken from Thames River |
Heavy
pollution /Salmon do not return for >120 years |
Trager |
| 1852-53 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1853 |
France |
Declining
oyster production intesified |
Gov'mt
sends Coste/study remains Roman culture |
Trager |
| 1854-55 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1854 |
California |
Early Chinese
fishing centers/vessels |
SanFrancisco,
Monterey, to SanDiego:Chinese style |
McDougall |
| 1854 |
Portland, Or |
Chinese labor
brought in |
Salmon
Plants/Efforts failed/labor "did not like work" |
Imm.Comm 1910/II/vol8 |
| 1857 |
British
Columbia |
Huson
Bay Co. opens salmon saltworks |
Ship
Fraser River salmon to Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) |
Trager |
| 1857 |
Westport,
Oregon |
John West
begins salting salmon |
Initiates
salmon trade/eventually canning industry |
Trager |
| 1857-58 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
Estimate
from Coastal Peru Dry/Cold records |
Caviedes |
| 1858-59 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1860 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1862 |
USA |
Congress
Passes Homestead Act |
Any
citizen could claim 160 acres in west |
Congress. Record |
| 1862 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
Ý |
Quinn |
| 1862 |
Gloucester,
Massachusetts |
February
24th Gale, on Georges Bank |
>120
fishermen die |
Nash |
| 1863 |
US Congress |
Linclon
Charters the Union Pacific RR |
Subsidized
track Miles/Leland Stanford Digs In! |
McDougal |
| 1863 |
Eastern
Tropical Pacific |
ENSO
cool event |
Estimate
from Coastal Peru Dry/Cold records |
Caviedes |
| 1864 |
ENSO
Warm Event |
Records/Proxies
of El Niño |
First
salmon cannery open on Columbia River |
Quinn/Trager #2 |
| 1864 |
California |
First
salmon cannery opens Sacramento River, Washington in Yolo Co. |
Hapgood,
Hume and Co. pack 2000 cases.1/2 spoil |
Trager #2 |